SSRN paper: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5250621 (last updated July 2024)
(arxiv link is deprecated)
Authors: Zeyuan Allen-Zhu and Yuanzhi Li

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@inproceedings{AL2023-knowledge2,
  author = {{Allen-Zhu}, Zeyuan and Li, Yuanzhi},
  title = {{Physics of Language Models: Part 3.2, Knowledge Manipulation}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Learning Representations},
  series = {ICLR~'25},
  month = apr,
  year = 2025,
  note = {Full version available at \url{https://ssrn.com/abstract=5250621}}
}